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HTML Attributes

  • All HTML elements can have attributes
  • Attributes provide additional information about an element
  • Attributes are always specified in the start tag
  • Attributes usually come in name/value pairs like: name="value"

The lang Attribute

The language of the document can be declared in the <html> tag.
The language is declared with the lang attribute.
Declaring a language is important for accessibility applications (screen readers) and search engines:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en-US">
<body>

...

</body>
</html>
The first two letters specify the language (en). If there is a dialect, use two more letters (US).

The title Attribute

Here, a title attribute is added to the <p> element. The value of the title attribute will be displayed as a tooltip when you mouse over the paragraph:

Example

<p title="I'm a tooltip">
This is a paragraph.
</p>
Try it Yourself »

The href Attribute

HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. The link address is specified in the href attribute:

Example

<a href="https://www.UNIRAJRs.com">This is a link</a>
Try it Yourself »
You will learn more about links and the <a> tag later in this tutorial.

Size Attributes

HTML images are defined with the <img> tag.
The filename of the source (src), and the size of the image (width and height) are all provided as attributes:

Example

<img src="UNIRAJRs.jpg" width="104" height="142">
Try it Yourself »
The image size is specified in pixels: width="104" means 104 screen pixels wide.
You will learn more about images and the <img> tag later in this tutorial.

The alt Attribute

The alt attribute specifies an alternative text to be used, when an image cannot be displayed.
The value of the attribute can be read by screen readers. This way, someone "listening" to the webpage, e.g. a blind person, can "hear" the element.

Example

<img src="UNIRAJRs.jpg" alt="UNIRAJRs.com" width="104" height="142">
Try it Yourself »

We Suggest: Use Lowercase Attributes

The HTML5 standard does not require lowercase attribute names.
The title attribute can be written with uppercase or lowercase like title or TITLE.
W3C recommends lowercase in HTML, and demands lowercase for stricter document types like XHTML.
At UNIRAJRs we always use lowercase attribute names.

We Suggest: Quote Attribute Values

The HTML5 standard does not require quotes around attribute values.
The href attribute, demonstrated above, can be written as:

Example

<a href=https://www.UNIRAJRs.com>
Try it Yourself »[s1] 
W3C recommends quotes in HTML, and demands quotes for stricter document types like XHTML.
Sometimes it is necessary to use quotes. This example will not display the title attribute correctly, because it contains a space:

Example

<p title=About UNIRAJRs>
   TRY IT YOUR SELF
Using quotes are the most common. Omitting quotes can produce errors. 
At UNIRAJRs we always use quotes around attribute values.

Single or Double Quotes?

Double quotes around attribute values are the most common in HTML, but single quotes can also be used.
In some situations, when the attribute value itself contains double quotes, it is necessary to use single quotes:
<p title='John "ShotGun" Nelson'>
Or vice versa:
<p title="John 'ShotGun' Nelson">

Chapter Summary

  • All HTML elements can have attributes
  • The title attribute provides additional "tool-tip" information
  • The href attribute provides address information for links
  • The width and height attributes provide size information for images
  • The alt attribute provides text for screen readers
  • At UNIRAJRs we always use lowercase attribute names
  • At UNIRAJRs we always quote attribute values with double quotes

HTML Attributes

Below is an alphabetical list of some attributes often used in HTML:
Attribute
Description
alt
Specifies an alternative text for an image, when the image cannot be displayed
disabled
Specifies that an input element should be disabled
href
Specifies the URL (web address) for a link
id
Specifies a unique id for an element
src
Specifies the URL (web address) for an image
style
Specifies an inline CSS style for an element
title
Specifies extra information about an element (displayed as a tool tip)






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